Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) is a standards organization originated in 1994, developing open standards for geospatial content and services, GIS data processing and data sharing.

OGC Standards Baseline consists of:

  1. OGC standards: Interface, Encoding, Profile, Application Profile, and Application Schema.
  2. OGC Reference Model

OGC Abstract Specification: Stored Functions Functions for Coverage Generation Function (G: SRS -> Coverage Extent) Schema Mapping: (R: Coverage Extent -> Schema Range) Metadata Relationships Between Features Observations and Measurements

OGC Web Services

Most of the OGC standards developed in recent years are standards for the Web services environment, and these standards are collectively referred to as OGC Web Services (OWS).

OWS Framework

  • Publish: Resource providers advertise their resources.
  • Find: End users and their applications can discover resources that they need at run-time.

  • Bind: End users and their applications can access and exercise resources at run-time.

  1. Data Services
    • Web Feature Service (WFS)
    • Simple Features (SF)
    • Web Coverage Service (WCS)
    • Grid Coverage Service
    • Sensor Observation Service (SOS)
    • Sensor Planning Service (SPS)
  2. Portrayal Services
    • Web Map Service (WMS)
    • Web Map Tile Service (WMTS)
    • Web Terrain Service (WTS)

  3. Processing Services

    • Web Processing Service (WPS)
    • Web Coverage Processing Service
    • Coordinate Transformation Services

  4. Catalog Services

    • Catalogue Service for the Web (CSW)
    • OpenSearch Geo

  5. Encodings

    • Web Map Context (WMC)
    • Geography Markup Language (GML)
    • CityGML: 3D City Models
    • IndoorGML
    • GML in JPEG 2000
    • KML (formerly Keyhole Markup Language)
    • Sensor Model Language (SensorML)
    • Transducer Markup Language (TML)
    • WaterML
    • Style Layer Descriptor (SLD)
    • Observations and Measurements (O&M)
    • Filter Encoding (FE)
    • Symbology Encoding (SE)
    • NetCDF (Network Common Data Format)
    • SWE Common Data Model
    • Geospatial eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (GeoXACML)

  6. Multi-source Integrated Application Client

ARML2.0 Cat: ebRIM App Profile: Earth Observation Products GeoAPI GeoPackage GeoSPARQL Location Services (OpenLS) Moving Features Open GeoSMS OpenMI Ordering Services Framework for Earth Observation Products OWS Context PUCK SWE (Sensor Web Enablement) Service Model Table Joining Service Web Service Common WKT CRS

OGC Reference Model (ORM) describes the relationships between OGC Standards Baseline documents.

Simple Features (officially Simple Feature Access) is both an OGC and ISO 19125.

The OpenGIS Feature Architecture:

  1. Feature Collection
  2. Feature
    • Coverage: Earth Imagery
  3. Geometry
  4. Geolocation (aka Point)
    • Spatial Referencing by Coordinates (Geodesy)
    • Locational Geometry Structures (relative)
    • Linear referencing (1D object)

Source: WMS 1.0, OGC document 00-028

Map

Geometry Class Hierarchy:

Simple Features 1.0 Geometry Class Hierarchy

Telecommunications:

  • Location Based Mobile Services
  • Semantics and Information Communities
  • Geospatial Digital Rights Management Reference Model (GeoDRM RM)

The OpenGIS Service Architecture:

  1. Catalog Services
  2. Image Exploitation Services
  3. Image Coordinate Transformation Services